Friedrich Wilhelm Ernst Albrecht von Gräfe
(May 22, 1828 – July 20, 1870), was a Prussian pioneer of German ophthalmology. Graefe was born in Finkenheerd, Brandenburg, the son of Karl Ferdinand von Graefe (1787-1840). He was the father of the far right politician Albrecht von Graefe (1868-1933).
(May 22, 1828 – July 20, 1870), was a Prussian pioneer of German ophthalmology. Graefe was born in Finkenheerd, Brandenburg, the son of Karl Ferdinand von Graefe (1787-1840). He was the father of the far right politician Albrecht von Graefe (1868-1933).
Graefe made many contributions to ophthalmological science, being considered one of the more important figures in 19th century ophthalmology. Among his achievements were a method of treating glaucoma and a new operation for cataract.
He introduced iridectomy for glaucoma, identified retardation of the eyelid in Basedow's disease, and described the combination of retinitis pigmentosa and perceptive deafness in Usher's syndrome. Also, he provided early descriptions of optic neuritis (1860), chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (1868). and papilledema(involving four patients with brain tumor and a swelling of the optic disc). In addition, he is credited with design of a specialized knife, the "Von Graefe knife", for cataract surgery. This knife was used till the 1960s. The eponymous"Gräfe's sign" is associated with Graves-Basedow disease.
In 1855 he founded the Archiv für Ophthalmologie, in which Carl Ferdinand von Arlt (1812-1887) and Franciscus Donders (1818-1889) collaborated. In 1863 he founded the Deutsche Ophtalmologische Gesellschaft.
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